Neuroticism - Tendency To Experience Negative Emotional States

An enduring tendency to experience negative emotional states is called as neuroticism. It is a fundamental personality trait in the study of psychology. People who have neuroticism mostly experience   feelings like anxiety, anger, guilt, and clinical depression. People with neuroticism usually interpret ordinary situations as threatening and minor frustrations hopelessly difficult. They always have trouble in controlling urges and delaying gratification. They are very conscious about them and often feel shy.

Men of this category are likely to be vulnerable to depression and they are likely to help themselves out with anti-depressants like Bupropion. There is also a high risk of such people helping themselves with chain smoking warranting a course to quit smoking.

Physiological difference in the brain causes the neuroticism. People with chronic neuroticism have a more reactive sympathetic nervous system and so they will more sensitive to environmental stimulation. Majority of the portion of the variability on measures of neuroticism is contributed by genetic factors. Neuroticism is a continuous trait. The mediating effect of neuroticism partial explains the paradox that individuals have and perceives the outcomes of the events as uncontrollable, but still somehow feel responsible.

People who perceive that the outcome of the events is due to chance or luck may try to deal with their feelings of helplessness neurotically with worry and guilt. Such a reaction exacerbates the tendency of chance locus of control leading to depression. When the people’s belief in fate is changed, then both neuroticism and depression are affected. Anxiety, hostility, vulnerability to stress, impulsiveness and depression are the sub traits in NEO-PI-R neuroticism. 

A study with positron emission tomography has found that healthy subjects that score on the NEO PI-R neuroticism dimension tend to have high altanserin binding in the frontolimbic region of the brain. This is an indication that these subjects tend to have more of the5-HT2a receptor in that location.